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Children's blood problems include a wide range of conditions that affect how their blood is made, how it works, or what it contains. Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, or clotting factors may all be involved in these conditions. Among the prevalent paediatric blood diseases are anaemia, haemophilia, leukaemia, sickle cell disease, and thrombocytopenia.
Iron deficiency, commonly caused by inherited disorders such as thalassaemia or chronic diseases, is the most common type of anaemia, leading to symptoms such as tiredness, pale complexion, and developmental delays. People with haemophilia and other clotting issues lack or have problems with clotting factors, which makes it more likely that they will bleed for a long time. Leukaemia, a kind of blood cancer, affects white blood cells and compromises the immune system, resulting in frequent infections, bruises, and exhaustion. Sickle cell disease is passed down through families and causes red blood cells to have strange shapes. These shapes can block blood flow, cause severe pain, hurt organs, and raise the risk of stroke.
Blood tests, bone marrow analyses, and genetic screens diagnose blood problems in children. Treatment depends on the illness; it could be iron pills, blood transfusions, bone marrow transplants, or drugs like clotting factor replacement therapy. Managing these disorders, improving the prognosis, and maximising a child's quality of life depend on early diagnosis and specialised paediatric haematology treatment.