Hypothyroidism In Pediatrics

Paediatric hypothyroidism happens when the thyroid gland doesn't make enough thyroid hormones, which are needed for metabolism, brain development, and growth. Congenital hypothyroidism can develop later in infancy or be present from birth.
Often the cause of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is an underdeveloped or missing thyroid gland. Untreated, it can cause intellectual problems and delays in growth. Newborn screening makes it possible to find CH early, so thyroid hormone replacement can be used right away to treat it.
Acquired hypothyroidism typically affects older children and teenagers as a result of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks the thyroid. Among the symptoms are weight gain, dry skin, constipation, tiredness, cold intolerance, and delayed development.
Blood tests tracking thyroid hormone (T3, T4) and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels confirm diagnosis. Taking levothyroxine daily is part of the treatment to help development and normalise hormone levels.
Early diagnosis and persistent treatment let children with hypothyroidism grow and flourish normally. Regular testing and changes in medications make sure that the thyroid works properly, which prevents problems and improves overall health. Parents and other carers are mostly responsible for making sure that medications are taken as prescribed and spotting signs of a hormonal imbalance.