Hydrocephalus

An aberrant accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricles of the brain causes hydrocephalus, a neurological disorder marked by raised pressure and possible brain damage. Though it can affect anyone, this disorder is particularly common in older individuals and newborns. Infections, brain traumas, tumours, brain haemorrhage, or congenital conditions—present from birth—can cause it.
Age and severity affect symptoms. Signs in newborns include an unusually big head, bulging soft areas, vomiting, and irritability. Older children and adults could have headaches, nausea, vision problems, balance trouble, memory loss, or cognitive impairment. Untreated, hydrocephalus can cause developmental delays and significant neurological impairment.
Usually, treatment entails surgical intervention. The most often performed operation is the shunt implantation, in which extra fluid is drained from one area of the body, say the belly, through a flexible tube. An endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is another choice since it generates a new fluid drainage channel.
Prevention of problems and enhancement of quality of life depend on early diagnosis and treatment. Many people with hydrocephalus can lead active and satisfying lives with appropriate therapy and medical treatment.