Medical Services

Cystic Fibrosis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

A genetic condition, cystic fibrosis (CF) causes thick, sticky mucus accumulation in the lungs, pancreas, and other organs. This mucus blocks airways, therefore aggravating breathing problems and frequent lung infections. Cystic fibrosis happens when the CFTR gene changes. This changes the balance of salt and water in the cells of the body, which leads to the disease.
Early childhood symptoms often show up as persistent coughing, wheezing, frequent lung infections, poor growth, and digestive problems including malabsorption and oily stools. With time, CF may cause serious respiratory problems and decreased lung capacity.
Treatment seeks to control symptoms and enhance quality of life. Inhaled drugs, antibiotics, and methods of airway clearance lessen lung infections. High-calorie diets and enzyme supplements support nutrition and digestion. Targeting the faulty gene, advanced medicines, including CFTR modulators, help cells to perform better.
Though there is no cure for cystic fibrosis, medical advances have greatly raised life expectancy and quality of living. Early identification made possible by neonatal screening and specialised treatment helps properly control symptoms, enabling patients to lead longer, better lives.