Medical Services

Kidney Stones

Made from concentrated urine that causes crystallisation, kidney stones are hard mineral and salt deposits found in the kidneys. Among these stones—calcium oxalate, uric acid, struvite, and cystine—they range in size and composition. Stone development is more likely in dehydration, high sodium consumption, obesity, and several medical disorders, as well as in other factors.
Among the symptoms are terrible lower back and belly pain, painful urination, blood in the urine, nausea, vomiting, and frequent urination. The agony starts when the stone passes through the urinary tract, maybe creating obstructions and infections.
Diagnosis calls for urine analysis to identify stone-forming minerals, and imaging studies include ultrasounds or CT scans. Small stones may pass naturally with more water intake and pain control; larger stones may call for medical attention. Treatments call for ureteroscopy to remove stones, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to break stones, or, in extreme situations, surgery.
Among the preventive actions are keeping a balanced diet, cutting foods high in salt and oxalates, and staying hydrated. Good lifestyle choices and management help to avoid recurrence, hence preserving kidney function. Avoiding consequences like renal damage or infections depends on early identification and treatment.