Sickle Cell Disease

Haemoglobin S is the aberrant haemoglobin produced in a genetic blood condition calledsickle cell disease (SCD). This causes red blood cells to take on a hard, sickle-like shape that blocks blood vessels, reduces oxygen delivery, and leads to major difficulties. Those of African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Indian heritage are more likely to have SCD.
Chronic anaemia, periods of extreme pain (sickle cell crises), recurrent infections, delayed development, and organ damage define SCD's symptoms. Sickled cells rupture prematurely, and their inclination to block blood flow causes these difficulties.
Usually, neonatal screening, blood tests, and genetic testing help to diagnose a condition. Although there is no cure, treatment focusses on controlling symptoms and avoiding consequences. Medications like hydroxyurea can help lower crisis frequency; blood transfusions assist in avoiding stroke and other consequences. Though not very common, bone marrow or stem cell transplantation presents a possible solution.
Managing SCD mostly depends on changes in lifestyle, enough hydration, and frequent doctor visits. Research on sophisticated medicines and gene therapies keeps on giving affected people hope for better outcomes and a quality of life.