Lymphoma

Lymphoma: A Blood Cancer Affecting the Lymphatic System

Originating in the lymphatic system, which keeps fluid balance in the body and fights infections, lymphoma is a form of blood cancer. It starts when white blood cells, called lymphocytes, proliferate unchecked, creating tumours in lymph nodes, bone marrow, the spleen, or another organ.
Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) are two basic forms of lymphoma. Reed-Sternberg cells define HL; NHL has several subtypes with different growth rates and degrees of severity. Typical symptoms are fever, enlarged lymph nodes, nocturnal sweats, inexplicable weight loss, and tiredness.
Although the precise origin of lymphoma is uncertain, risk factors include genetic alterations, a compromised immune system, viral infections (like Epstein-Barr virus), and persistent chemical exposure. Diagnostics call for biopsies, imaging scans, and blood testing.
The type and stage of lymphoma will determine the available treatment choices, which can be stem cell transplantation, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy. Early identification greatly increases the prognosis; many cases go into remission with rapid and focused therapy. Constant research helps to provide fresh approaches for improved patient results.