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The chronic disorder known as heart failure results from ineffective blood pumping by the heart to satisfy the demands of the body. Conditions include diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, or past heart attacks that compromise the heart muscle. If heart failure affects both sides of the heart, fluid will build up in the lungs, legs, and other tissues.
Typical symptoms include dyspnoea, ongoing tiredness, leg and ankle oedema, rapid heart rate, and trouble with regular activity. In severe situations, particularly when lying down, fluid retention can lead to notable weight increase and respiratory problems.
Physical exams, blood tests, echocardiograms, electrocardiograms (ECG), and imaging studies like MRIs or chest X-rays define the diagnosis. With drugs including beta-blockers, diuretics, and ACE inhibitors, the focus is on controlling symptoms and enhancing cardiac performance. Advanced conditions may call for equipment like pacemakers or cardiac transplants.
Managing heart failure depends much on lifestyle choices, including low-sodium diets, frequent exercise, smoking cessation, and weight control. Early intervention and appropriate therapy can improve quality of life and slow down disease development, therefore avoiding major consequences.