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Commonly referred to as a heart attack, myocardial infarction (MI) results from stopped blood supply to the heart, therefore depriving the muscle there of oxygen. Usually, the accumulation of fatty deposits (plaques) in the coronary arteries results in a condition known as atherosclerosis; therefore, this pathway is blocked. A plaque ruptures and can develop a blood clot blocking blood flow, therefore damaging or killing heart tissue.
Typical signs of a heart attack include nausea, dizziness, pain spreading to the jaw, arm, or back, shortness of breath, and chest discomfort. But symptoms vary, particularly in women who could have minor discomfort, indigestion, or tiredness rather than characteristic chest pain.
Managing MI depends critically on quick medical care. Pharmaceuticals like blood thinners, clot-busting pharmaceuticals, and emergency procedures such as angioplasty or bypass surgery to restore blood flow abound in treatment choices. Essential for both prevention and recovery are lifestyle modifications, including a heart-healthy diet, consistent exercise, smoking cessation, and stress management.
Finding symptoms early and getting medical help right away greatly improves survival rates and lowers complications. This is why knowledge and proactive cardiac care are so important to avoid outcomes that could be fatal.