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Often brought on by either viral infections, autoimmune illnesses, or toxins, myocarditis is an inflammatory disorder of the heart muscle (myocardium). It disturbs the heart's capacity for effective blood pumping, thereby causing possibly major problems including arrhythmias or heart failure.
Typical causes include bacterial infections, autoimmune diseases like lupus, viral infections like Coxsackievirus, influenza, and COVID-19, and medication or toxic exposure. Though it can afflict people of various ages, young adults are more likely to have the disorder.
Severity of symptoms varies; they could include shortness of breath, irregular heartbeat, chest pain, tiredness, and leg or foot oedema. While some cases evolve to be life-threatening, others remain mild and go away on their own.
Diagnosis calls for blood testing, ECG, echocardiography, MRI, and occasionally a cardiac biopsy. Treatment mostly addresses the underlying cause, controls symptoms, and avoids consequences. While severe cases can call for drugs, oxygen therapy, or even mechanical support in emergency circumstances, mild ones may need rest and supportive care.
Outcomes are much improved by early diagnosis and medical intervention. Maintaining proper cleanliness and vaccinations and avoiding too much alcohol or drug use will help lower myocarditis risk.