Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack)

Myocardial Infarction (Heart Attack): A Life-Threatening Emergency

Often referred to as a heart attack, myocardial infarction (MI) results from impeded blood flow to a portion of the heart muscle damaging tissue. Usually resulting from a build-up of fatty deposits (plaque) in the coronary arteries, this blockage can burst and generate a clot, therefore depriving the heart of oxygen. The afflicted heart tissue starts to die without quick medical attention, thereby raising the risk of major problems or death.
A heart attack causes severe chest pain or discomfort that could extend to the arms, neck, jaw, or back. Other symptoms include nausea, dyspnoea, vertigo, and a sense of approaching catastrophe. Symptoms can vary, though, particularly in women who can have back pain, nausea, or tiredness instead of usual chest discomfort.
One needs immediate medical attention. Among the emergency therapies are angioplasty, or bypass surgery, to restore blood flow, and clot-busting drugs. Long-term management calls for regular monitoring, lifestyle adjustments, drugs including beta-blockers and blood thinners. Stopping heart attacks calls for a heart-healthy diet, consistent exercise, stress control, and smoking avoidance. Early warning symptoms should be identified and quick treatment sought to preserve lives and stop significant cardiac damage.