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A congenital cardiac abnormality known as Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) results from the failed closure of the ductus arteriosus, a foetal blood vessel, following birth. Usually, this conduit links the pulmonary artery to the aorta, letting blood avoid the lungs before birth. If it stays open, though, it can cause aberrant blood flow between these important arteries, taxing the lungs and heart.
Premature babies are more likely to have PDA, which can produce symptoms including rapid breathing, poor feeding, tiredness, and cardiac murmurs. While bigger PDAs can cause problems including cardiac failure or pulmonary hypertension, in minor situations the disorder may resolve on its own.
Usually, echocardiography and Doppler investigations help to diagnose. Some of the treatments that can be used are NSAIDs (indomethacin or ibuprofen) to help newborns close their airways, catheter-based treatments to put in a closure device, or surgery in the worst cases.
Early identification and treatment greatly increase results and help prevent long-term consequences. Thanks to developments in paediatric cardiology, minimally invasive procedures have made PDA closure safer and more successful, thereby guaranteeing a greater quality of life for afflicted newborns. Frequent cardiologist follow-ups enable one to assess general health and heart performance.