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A hole in the septum divides the two bottom chambers of the heart, therefore causing a congenital heart defect known as ventricular septal defect (VSD). This opening lets oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle mix with oxygen-starved blood in the right ventricle, therefore increasing blood flow to the lungs and taxing the heart.
VSDs range in degree and scope. While larger flaws might cause problems including heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, or delayed growth in infants, small defects may resolve on their own without producing symptoms. Typical complaints include rapid breathing, trouble feeding, too much perspiration, and regular respiratory infections. Occasionally, adults may not notice VSDs.
Usually echocardiography, electrocardiogram (ECG), or cardiac MRI confirms diagnosis. The degree of the defect determines the treatment approach. While moderate to large faults typically require medication to control symptoms or surgical closure via open-heart surgery or catheter-based procedures, small VSDs may not call for intervention.
Most people with VSD can lead a normal, healthy life if early diagnosis and suitable therapy are followed. Monitoring cardiac performance and avoiding long-term problems depend on regular medical follow-ups.