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A little organ in charge of storing bile—which aids in fat digestion—is the gallbladder. Diseases of the gallbladder arise from inflammation, infection, or obstructions upsetting its normal operation. Typical disorders include gallbladder polyps, cholecystitis, gallstones (cholelithiasis), and gallbladder cancer.
Hardened deposits of cholesterol or bilirubin, gallstones can impede bile flow and produce indigestion, discomfort, and nausea. Gallstones cause cholecystitis, a disorder marked by extreme pain, fever, and infection, when they set off inflammation. Gallbladder scarring and dysfunction can follow from chronic cholecystitis.
Other disorders include gallbladder cancer, a rare but aggressive disease with symptoms including jaundice, weight loss, and stomach pain; gallbladder polyps, mostly benign growths but which should be watched over; and gallstones, which are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in the gallbladder.
Usually, diagnosis calls for MRIs, CT scans, or ultrasonic testing. Treatment depends on the condition; gallstones and chronic cholecystitis sometimes call for cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal), while moderate cases can be treated with dietary changes and drugs. Maintaining a balanced diet, keeping a healthy weight, and drinking enough water can prevent gallbladder disorders. Early diagnosis and treatment are absolutely vital to prevent consequences including infection and bile duct blockage.