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Chronic liver damage resulting from cirrhosis causes scarring and liver failure.
Long-term damage causing scarring (fibrosis) and reduced liver function defines the progressive liver disease known as cirrhosis. This illness can't be cured and has been caused by many things over many years, such as heavy drinking, viral hepatitis (B and C), non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and autoimmune diseases.
As cirrhosis progresses, it replaces healthy liver tissue with scar tissue, disrupting crucial processes such as detoxification, protein synthesis, and bile generation. Early on, symptoms could be minimal, including weight loss, nausea, and tiredness. Advanced cirrhosis can, however, cause problems like variceal haemorrhage, jaundice, ascites—fluid accumulation in the abdomen—and hepatic encephalopathy—mental disorientation brought on by toxin accumulation.
Usually, diagnosis calls for liver biopsy, imaging (ultrasound, CT scan), and blood testing. Although treatment aims to control symptoms and stop more liver damage, even if cirrhosis cannot be completely restored. Crucially important are lifestyle changes that include avoiding alcohol, keeping a balanced diet, and controlling underlying diseases. Under extreme circumstances, liver transplantation can be the only practical choice.
Early identification and aggressive treatment help to slow the advancement of the illness, therefore enhancing quality of life. Preventing issues connected to cirrhosis and maintaining liver health depend critically on a healthy lifestyle and frequent medical visits.