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Fungal infections, such as oral candidiasis (also known as thrush), develop when the fungus Candida overgrows in the mouth. This illness usually affects the tongue, inner cheeks, gums, and roof of the mouth, resulting in white, creamy lesions that can be painful and bleed when scraped.
Oral candidiasis is particularly common in those with weaker immune systems, such as those with diabetes, HIV/AIDS, or chemotherapy. Other risk factors include antibiotic usage, which alters the normal balance of oral microorganisms, and wearing improperly fitted dentures.
Oral candidiasis symptoms include a sore mouth; difficulty swallowing; a cottony sensation in the mouth; and, in rare cases, a loss of flavour. In more severe cases, the infection may extend to the throat or oesophagus.
Antifungal drugs, such as topical creams or oral pills, often treat oral candidiasis. Maintaining proper dental hygiene, such as brushing your teeth and tongue on a regular basis as well as avoiding sugary or acidic foods, can help control fungal growth.
Preventing oral candidiasis entails strengthening the immune system, addressing underlying health issues, and maintaining proper oral hygiene. Regular dental exams, as well as avoiding abuse of medicines, can help reduce the incidence of fungal infections in the mouth.