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Stress fractures are microscopic breaks in the bones induced by repetitive stress or overuse. They are most frequent in athletes, runners, and others who participate in high-impact sports. Stress fractures, unlike acute fractures caused by rapid trauma, occur gradually as bones fail to adjust to constant tension. The shin, foot, hip, and lower leg are the most commonly affected locations.
Early symptoms include localised discomfort, swelling, and tenderness that worsen with activity but improve with rest. Ignoring these warning signs might lead to more serious fractures, longer recovery times, and chronic problems. Physical examination and imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI scans, are often used to make a diagnosis.
The primary goal of treatment is to rest and reduce weight-bearing activities. Ice application, pain management, and protective footwear can all help with recuperation. In some circumstances, a cast or brace is necessary to immobilise the affected area. Severe stress fractures may require surgical intervention.
To maintain bone health, prevention strategies include progressive training progression, suitable footwear, strength conditioning, and adequate calcium and vitamin D intake. Listening to your body and avoiding undue strain can help you avoid stress fractures and maintain long-term joint and bone health.