Medical Services

Understanding Osteoarthritis (Degenerative Joint Disease)
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterised by the slow degradation of cartilage, which protects the ends of bones. This wear-and-tear condition most commonly affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine, but it can also affect the hands and other joints.
As cartilage deteriorates, bones may rub against one another, causing discomfort, stiffness, oedema, and decreased joint flexibility. Over time, osteophytes (bone spurs) may form, restricting movement and creating discomfort. Ageing is often associated with OA, but other risk factors include obesity, joint traumas, repetitive stress on joints, genetic susceptibility, and metabolic abnormalities.
Symptoms of osteoarthritis usually appear gradually and worsen with time. Early symptoms include joint soreness and slight stiffness, especially after periods of inactivity. Advanced stages may cause substantial pain, reduced movement, and trouble completing daily activities.
The treatment aims to relieve symptoms and improve joint function. Pain relievers, anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and lifestyle adjustments such as weight loss and low-impact exercise are all viable options. Severe cases may necessitate surgical procedures such as joint replacement.
A proactive approach to osteoarthritis, including regular exercise, a nutritious diet, and joint protection, can help control the condition and improve overall quality of life.