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Osteomyelitis is a bone infection.
Bacteria primarily cause osteomyelitis, but fungi and other microbes can also play a role. The infection can enter the bone via the bloodstream, surrounding contaminated tissue, or directly after an injury, surgery, or implanted medical device.
Staphylococcus aureus is the leading cause of osteomyelitis. The disorder can affect any bone; however, it is most typically seen in children's long bones and adult vertebrae. Osteomyelitis symptoms include intense localised bone pain, oedema, redness, warmth around the affected area, fever, and exhaustion. Chronic cases can result in continuous pus leakage from the location.
Diabetes, poor circulation, recent orthopaedic surgery, open fractures, and a weakened immune system are all risk factors to consider. If left untreated, osteomyelitis can cause major problems such as abscess formation, bone damage, or sepsis.
To identify the infected organism, we use blood tests, imaging examinations such as X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans, and, in certain cases, a bone sample. Treatment often involves the use of antibiotics or antifungal drugs, and in severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove infected bone tissue.
Prompt medical intervention is essential for effectively managing osteomyelitis, minimising its long-term consequences, and boosting healing.