Periodontal

Periodontal (gum) disease is a common but deadly disorder that affects the tissues surrounding and supporting the teeth. Plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that accumulates on the teeth, causes gingivitis, or gum inflammation. If left untreated, gingivitis can proceed to periodontitis, a more serious stage in which the infection spreads to the deeper tissues and bone that support the teeth, potentially resulting in tooth loss.
Poor oral hygiene primarily causes periodontal disease, but smoking, diabetes, genetics, and certain medications can also increase the risk. Early signs of gum disease include red, swollen gums, bleeding when brushing or flossing, and poor smell. As the disease progresses, it can cause gum recession, spaces between the teeth and gums, and even loose teeth.
Treatment for periodontal disease depends on its severity. In its early stages, professional cleaning and better dental hygiene at home may be sufficient to reverse the condition. In more advanced stages, scaling and root planing, surgical procedures, or antibiotic treatment may be required. Regular dental examinations are critical for preventing and controlling periodontal disease, as early intervention can help keep gums healthy and prevent tooth loss.