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Necrotising periodontal diseases (NPD) are a type of severe gum infection characterised by fast loss of periodontal tissues such as the gums, periodontal ligaments, and alveolar bones. Poor oral hygiene, systemic illnesses, and lifestyle choices like smoking or stress frequently contribute to these disorders. The two most common kinds of necrotising periodontal disorders are necrotising ulcerative gingivitis (NUG) and necrotising ulcerative periodontitis (NUP).
NUG is primarily a gingival infection that causes painful ulcers, bleeding, and an unpleasant odour. Poor diet, stress, and weakened immune systems are often associated with it. On the other hand, NUP affects not just the gingiva but also deeper tissues like the bone and ligaments, which can lead to tooth movement and even tooth loss if left untreated.
NPD symptoms include extreme gum pain, ulcers, sudden bleeding, and foul-smelling breath. Treatment consists of prompt expert care, such as scaling and root planing to eliminate plaque and debris, as well as proper oral hygiene practices. In some circumstances, medications and pain relief may be provided to treat the infection. Addressing any underlying health conditions, such as stress or nutritional inadequacies, is also critical for successful healing and avoiding recurrence.