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Optic atrophy is the degeneration or injury of the optic nerve, which results in diminished eyesight. The optic nerve is responsible for delivering visual information from the eyes to the brain, and its malfunction can cause partial or complete vision loss.
Ischemia (lower blood flow), inflammation (optic neuritis), trauma, glaucoma, brain tumours, or inherited genetic illnesses like Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy can all cause optic atrophy. Systemic disorders such as diabetes and multiple sclerosis can potentially cause optic nerve injury.
Symptoms of optic atrophy include blurry or dim vision; decreased visual acuity; loss of color vision; and constricted visual fields.  In severe cases, total blindness can result. We use a full eye exam, visual field testing, and imaging investigations like MRI or CT scans to determine the underlying reason.
Treatment for optic atrophy focuses on addressing the underlying cause. While optic nerve loss is frequently irreparable, prompt treatment can prevent further degeneration. Depending on the problem, management techniques may involve drugs, lifestyle changes, or surgical procedures.
Raising awareness about optic atrophy and its causes is critical for early detection, which can save vision and improve overall quality of life.