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The most prevalent type of glaucoma is open-angle glaucoma, which is a degenerative eye illness that destroys the optic nerve, usually as a result of high intraocular pressure (IOP).

It is known as "open-angle" because the drainage angle in the eye, where the iris meets the cornea, remains open but does not function properly, resulting in fluid buildup and increasing pressure. Open-angle glaucoma, also known as the "silent thief of sight," usually develops gradually and without any visible symptoms in the early stages. If not addressed, peripheral vision deteriorates and eventually leads to central vision loss. Risk factors include age (over 40), a family history of glaucoma, being of African or Hispanic heritage, diabetes, and hypertension.

A complete eye examination is required for diagnosis, which includes tonometry to quantify IOP, visual field tests, and optic nerve imaging. While there is no cure, therapies such as prescription eye drops, laser therapy, or surgery can help control IOP and halt disease development. Early detection is critical, emphasizing the value of frequent eye exams, especially for at-risk individuals.  Managing lifestyle factors such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking may also benefit eye health. Open-angle glaucoma serves as a reminder that preventive eye care is critical for maintaining long-term vision.