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Pigment granules from the rear of the iris, the coloured area of the eye, discharge into the aqueous humour, the fluid that fills the front of the eye, in Pigment Dispersion Syndrome (PDS), an eye condition. These granules can amass in the eye's drainage pathways, potentially leading to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). If left untreated, this pressure increase can eventually lead to pigmentary glaucoma, a dangerous disorder that can damage the optic nerve and impair vision.
Young to middle-aged adults commonly identify PDS, with a higher prevalence in those with myopia (nearsightedness). While symptoms may not appear immediately, some people report hazy vision, halos around lights, or mild eye irritation. Physical activity such as jogging or eye rubbing might aggravate pigment dispersion.
The diagnosis usually involves a full eye examination, which includes gonioscopy to evaluate drainage angles and tonometry to measure eye pressure. Treatment options range from monitoring for moderate cases to IOP-lowering medicines, laser therapy, or surgery for more serious cases.
Early identification of PDS is critical for preventing progression to pigmentary glaucoma. Regular eye exams are required for people who are at risk or have a family history of glaucoma.