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Dry eye syndrome (DES), also known as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, is a common illness characterized by insufficient tear production or excessive tear evaporation.  Several factors can contribute to the illness, including ageing, certain drugs, autoimmune diseases such as Sjögren's syndrome, hormonal changes, and environmental factors including dry air or prolonged screen time.
Dry eye syndrome symptoms include redness, irritation, a gritty or sandy feeling in the eyes, blurred vision, and increased sensitivity to light. In other situations, dry eyes can cause more serious problems, such as corneal ulcers or scarring, which impair vision.
DES treatment often entails lifestyle changes, such as using humidifiers, taking regular screen breaks, and wearing sunglasses outside. People frequently use over-the-counter lubricating eye drops, also known as fake tears, to alleviate symptoms. In more severe situations, prescription drugs, punctal plugs, or even surgical treatments may be required to control the problem.
While dry eye syndrome can be persistent, early detection and treatment can significantly improve quality of life by allowing people to manage symptoms and lower their risk of complications. Those who are susceptible to this illness must undergo regular eye examinations.