Anterior Segment

The anterior part of the eye consists of the cornea, iris, lens, ciliary body, and anterior chamber, which contain aqueous humor. This segment is in charge of focusing light on the retina, maintaining eye shape, and facilitating nutrient exchange.
Diseases and illnesses in the anterior region have a significant impact on vision and eye health. Common ailments include corneal diseases (such as keratitis, keratoconus, and corneal dystrophies), cataracts (the clouding of the eye's natural lens), and glaucoma, which is commonly caused by high intraocular pressure that prevents aqueous humor discharge. Iritis and uveitis, both inflammatory illnesses affecting the iris and adjacent structures, are also prevalent in this region.
New imaging techniques, such as optical coherence tomography (OCT) and slit-lamp biomicroscopy, allow for a closer look at the front of the body. This allows doctors to identify and address these issues early on. Treatment methods vary based on the condition and may include medications (such as anti-inflammatory or anti-glaucoma drops), laser therapy, and surgical procedures, including cataract extraction or corneal transplantation. Early detection and treatment are crucial for preserving anterior segment function and clear vision.